Accra:Durga Puja, the most significant religious festival for Bangalee Hindus, is set to begin in Bangladesh with the Maha Shashthi Puja on October 16.
According to Bangladesh Sangbad Sangstha, the festival evolved over centuries from a Hindu religious ritual into a vital expression of Bengali culture, identity, art, and community. Its history is intertwined with the social and cultural development of Bengal, the rise of affluent landowners, and the growth of community-organized pujas, where Goddess Durga is seen as a mighty protector and a daughter returning home.
UNESCO recognized "Durga Puja in Kolkata" as part of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity on December 15, 2021. This highlighted the festival's unique blend of religion, art, and community involvement, marking it as the first Asian festival to receive such distinction.
The festival's religious roots lie in the Hindu tradition of Durga's victory over Mahishasura, the buffalo demon, symbolizing good triumphing over evil. In Bengal, this myth is enriched by the cultural portrayal of Durga as Uma, the daughter who visits her parental home annually, accompanied by her children.
In the late 16th and 17th centuries, wealthy zamindars and royal families like Raja Kangsa Narayan of Taherpur and the Sabarna Roy Choudhury family enhanced the grandeur of Durga Puja. These celebrations became significant social events, showcasing wealth and influence through music, feasts, and elaborate decorations.
The community-organized barowari puja emerged in the 18th century, allowing broader public participation. This shift transformed Durga Puja from a private family event to a community festival characterized by shared contributions, celebration, and public culture.
Durga Puja embodies Bengali identity through traditions like Mahalaya, the sound of dhak drums, artistic pandals, communal gatherings, and the emotional farewell on Bijoya Dashami. The festival's significance extends beyond religious rituals, providing a space for cultural expression and community belonging.
For Bengalis, Durga Puja is both a religious observance and a celebration of homecoming and cultural identity, deeply resonating with personal and collective experiences.